This book considers the extent to which innovation and entrepreneurship are engines of economic prosperity. It brings together theorists and empiricists from diverse backgrounds to provides a comprehensive overview of the field of entrepreneurship, focusing specifically on entrepreneurial developments within Turkey and the surrounding regions and Europe. It looks at innovation, creativity, economic development and women’s empowerment. This book considers the for-profit and the not-for-profit sectors, and examines outcome metrics such as change, sustainability and employment, in addition to economic value. This book will inspire academics and students to better understand the origins, evolution and impact of new ideas, new organizations, and new industries, and the impact on the economy. This book offers an excellent foundation for investigating and questioning current entrepreneurial practices across developed economies. It will also provide the foundations for researching and evaluating new and existing approaches to emerging technologies. Additionally, the book will offer useful insights into the real world, and will appeal to academics in economics and business as well as those studying entrepreneurship on the international scene.

It gives me great pleasure to review this important book. I recommend it highly to any physicist with an interest or curiosity about this economy thing within which we operate. . . There is no excuse not to get this invaluable volume onto your bookshelf. Simon Roberts, Institute of Physics Energy Group This book addresses a very important topic, namely economic growth analysis from the angle of energy and material flows. The treatment is well balanced in terms of research and interpretation of the broader literature. The book not only contains a variety of empirical indicators, statistical analyses and insights, but also offers an unusually complete and pluralistic view on theorizing about economic growth and technological change. This results in a number of refreshing perspectives on known ideas and literatures. The text is so attractively written that I found it very difficult to stop reading. All in all, this is a very original and important contribution to the everlasting debate on growth versus environment. Jeroen C.J.M. van den Bergh, University of Barcelona, Spain and Free University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Would you want your great-grandchildren in 2100AD to have a 22nd-century industrial economy? If so, read this book to grasp how strongly wealth depends on energy and its efficient use. Start treating fossil energy not as continuing income, but as one-time energy capital to spend on efficiency and long-term sustainable energy production. Otherwise, your descendants will inherit a broken 20th-century economy that only worked with cheap fossil fuels. They will not be rich and they will wonder what their ancestors were thinking. John R. Mashey, PhD, former Chief Scientist, Silicon Graphics Current economic theory attributes most income growth to technical progress. However, since technical progress can neither be defined nor measured, no one really knows what policies will encourage income growth. Ayres and Warr show that access to useful work, which can be defined and measured, explain the bulk of post-1900 income changes in Japan, Britain and the USA. They see rising real prices for fossil fuel and stagnating efficiencies of converting raw energy into useful work as a threat to continued income growth. This brilliant and original work has profound policy implications for future income growth without significant improvements in energy conversion efficiency. Thomas Casten, Chairman, Recycled Energy Development LLC Following the up-and-down energy shock of 2008, Ayres and Warr offer a unique analysis critical to our economic future. They argue that useful work produced by energy and energy services is far more important to overall GDP growth than conventional economic theory assumes. Their new theory, based on extensive empirical and theoretical analysis, has important implications for economists, businessmen and policymakers for anybody concerned with our economic future. Ayres and Warr argue persuasively that economic growth is not only endogenous but has been driven for the past two centuries largely by the declining effective cost of energy. If their new theory is correct, the inevitable future rise of the real cost of energy (beyond the $147 oil price peak in July 2008), could halt economic growth in the US and other advanced countries unless we dramatically improve energy with technology. J. Paul Horne, independent international market economist The historic link between output (GDP) growth and employment has weakened. Since there is no quantitively verifiable economic theory to explain past growth, this unique book explores the fundamental relationship between thermodynamics (physical work) and economics. The authors take a realistic approach to explaining the relationship between technological progress, thermodynamic efficiency and economic growth. Their findings are a step toward the integration of neo-classical and evolutionary perspectives on endogenous economic growth, concluding in a fundam

øIn the geography of the global economy, there are known Šhot spots� where new technologies germinate at an astounding rate and pools of capital, expertise and talent foster the development of new industries and new ways of doing business. These cluste

From various aspects of the domestic and foreign situation, China has now reached a critical juncture in its economic development. This volume is a report by leading international economic experts on China's economic priorities in the coming years.

This book addresses the topic of economic growth analysis from the angle of energy and material flows. It not only contains a variety of empirical indicators statistical analyses and insights, but also offers a pluralistic view on theorizing about economic growth and technological change.

This volume is a report by leading international economic experts on China's economic priorities in the coming years. From various aspects of the domestic and foreign situation, China has now reached a critical juncture in its economic development. Unless China is able to overcome the difficulties in undertaking further reforms in the next ten years, China would be caught in the middle-income trap and be unable to become a modern country. The future course of China's economic development is also of great concern to the rest of the world because the socio-political-economic conditions in China will have significant impact on global economic prosperity and on global political harmony. The book is a product of close collaboration between the School of Economics at Fudan University and the Earth Institute at Columbia University. They cover a new paradigm for growth, short-term demand management, institutional reforms for middle-term growth, and strengthening the fundamentals for long-term growth. Contents:A New Economic Growth Engine for the 21st Century: Change Out Not Scale Up the Present Policy Regime:The Major Types of Middle-income Trap That Threaten China (Wing Thye Woo)Short-term Demand Management: Working the Hardware Correctly:A Prediction of China's Economy in 2012: Soft Landing and Back to the Normal (Gang Fan and Liping He)The Correction of China's Twin Surpluses (Yongding Yu)The Long-run Growth and Short-run Fluctuations of the Chinese Economy (Zhigang Yuan and Yuxin Yu)Institutional Reforms for Middle-term Growth: Upgrading the Hardware and Software:Reforming China's Public Pension System: Coping Effectively with Aging, Urbanization and Globalization (Jin Feng and Lixin He)Unraveling the Gridlock on Fiscal Reform in China: Government, Market and Central-local Relations (Yan Zhang)China's Financial Sector Development: Understanding the Past and Shaping the Future (Liqing Zhang and Xiaofen Tan)On Regional and Inter-household Inequality in China (Guanghua Wan, Jingjing Ye and Juzhong Zhuang)Strengthening the Long-term Growth Fundamentals: Sustaining the Power Supply:Ensuring Efficiency and Equality in China's Urbanization and Regional Development Strategy (Zhao Chen and Ming Lu)China 2049: Energy Security and Climate Change (Klaus S Lackner and Sarah Brennan)The Sustainability of Water Resources in China (Ximing Cai and Upmanu Lall) Readership: Researchers, students and readers interested in China's economy. Keywords:China;Chinese Economy;Asian Economies;Policies;Economic ReformReviews: "China has enjoyed an unusually long run of high ‘catch-up’ economic growth. Continuing to close the income gap between China and the highest income countries, however, poses new and more demanding challenges. This book edited by Wing Thye Woo et al. and including essays by some of China's best economists is a first rate effort to both define these challenges and to suggest solutions." Dwight Perkins Professor Emeritus of Economics, Harvard University "Will China keep growing rapidly to become a high-income country? No question is more consequential for the world economy. In this book, some of the best analysts of China examine the challenges and give us important answers." Ross Garnaut Chair, China Studies Program, Crawford School of Public Policy, Australian National University Former Ambassador of Australia to China "The economic problems that China faces are very complicated. The boldly creative solutions offered deserve serious study by policy-makers not only in China but also in other large countries because of the broad applicability of the innovative policy perspective that guides the analyses." Yang Yuliang President, Fudan University

China, India, Brazil, and South Africa are reshaping the world economy. These Southern Engines countries have experienced a dramatic transformation in their productive and trade capabilities, consequently turning into global super powers. The current age of globalization, in which the Southern Engines have a primary role, faces a mixed set of interconnections wherein countries and economic agents are linked closely together by trade in goods and services, flows of capital, and movements of talent and skills. Much has been written about the spectacular performance of the Asian Giants, China and India. Arising from a UNU-WIDER research project, this collection goes further by studying the substantial contribution of other large emerging countries such as Brazil and South Africa. Using a wealth of data, as well as case studies, the book provides a detailed history review of industrialisation and economic development. The volume explores the foundations of the Southern Engines development experiences, and how these could provide resourceful lessons to the developing world. Additionally, the foremost patterns of international politics and governance are dealt with by leading scholars, who critically assess how the Southern Engines have contributed to rebalance geopolitics. This volume is a stand alone reference for researchers and policy makers concerned with international development and global governance. The studies jointly provide valuable insights for other developing countries in the pursuit of sustainable growth and forward looking development strategies.

The world of business is in the throes of a new revolution. It is, paradoxically, both the best and worst of times. Opportunity abounds, but the economic, societal, and technological foundations of the Machine Age are crumbling. Confounded by chaos and heavily pressured for results, most Western managers have no better ideas for how to compete than to endlessly copy each other, cut costs, and buy up rivals. Downsizing is epidemic and decline common.Clearly, the world is going though a major transition. When this transformation is completed, it will look very different. This upheaval will change everything, but the focus and maximum stress point is economic. In the future world power and national prosperity will increasingly depend on the ability to compete in high value added product-market areas. The winners will develop new societal models for business, economics, government, and education.This current and authoritative book is the joint product of an academician and a business practitioner, both of whom share a deep concern about the inadequacy of current models and practices. It examines the new environment and explores the underlying drivers — the “Engines of Prosperity” — that set the new rules of competitive rivalry. It provides timely advice for managers on how to operate in a world characterized by Information Age technology, rapid change, deepening global linkages, increasing returns to scale, and the continuous unbundling of value chains.